Nigeria has recorded substantial growth in broadband access over the past several years, but the country did not meet its target of achieving 70 percent broadband penetration by the end of 2025.
The expansion has been driven largely by increased mobile broadband adoption, wider 4G coverage and the gradual rollout of fibre infrastructure across different parts of the country.
Data from the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) show that broadband subscriptions have continued to increase. Broadband subscriptions reached more than 124 million in July 2026, reflecting continued growth in access to internet services. (NCC)
However, the growth has not been sufficient to meet the 70 percent penetration target set under Nigeria’s broadband development plans.
The country had previously set ambitious targets for broadband expansion, with the government seeking to improve connectivity, increase internet access and support the development of the digital economy.
Mobile networks remain the dominant means of accessing broadband services in Nigeria. NCC data show that 4G accounted for more than half of mobile connections by July 2026, while 5G adoption continued to grow. (NCC)
The increase in broadband access has been supported by investments from telecommunications operators and infrastructure providers. Fibre deployment has also expanded, although fixed broadband remains considerably smaller than mobile broadband.
NCC data for the second quarter of 2026 showed continued activity in the fibre-to-the-x market, with more than 300,000 subscriptions recorded across listed providers. (NCC)
Despite these improvements, challenges including the cost of infrastructure deployment, unreliable electricity supply, right-of-way issues, vandalism and other operational difficulties continue to affect the pace of broadband expansion.
Affordability is another factor affecting internet access. While network coverage has improved, the cost of smartphones, data services and other connectivity requirements remains a barrier for some Nigerians, particularly in lower-income communities.
The gap between coverage and actual usage also remains important. Having network infrastructure available does not necessarily mean that every household or individual can afford to connect to it regularly.
The government has therefore continued to focus on infrastructure expansion and policies designed to increase digital inclusion.
Broadband expansion is considered important to Nigeria’s wider digital economy because reliable internet access supports businesses, education, financial services, healthcare, government services and remote work.
The growth of 4G and 5G services has also created opportunities for businesses to provide digital products and services to a larger consumer base.
However, achieving broader connectivity will require continued investment in fibre infrastructure, stronger infrastructure protection, more reliable electricity and measures that make internet-enabled devices and data services more affordable.
Nigeria’s progress in broadband development therefore reflects both significant expansion and an unfinished connectivity agenda. While the number of broadband subscriptions has risen substantially, closing the remaining digital-access gap will depend on infrastructure investment, affordability and the ability to extend reliable connectivity beyond areas that are already well served.
